Road and street construction.



J. H. AMIBS. vROAD AND STREET CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED-D2126, 1808'.

atented Aug. 9, 1910.

A TTORNE Y. 1

UNITED STATES PATEN OFFICE.

JOSEPH HAY AMIES, or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR- Tums AMIEs 'ASPHALT comrnmz, or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, A conroimrio'n or SOUTH DAKOTA.

. [ROAD AND STREET ooiiszrn'ucrion.

To all whom it may concern:

Be'it known that I, JOSEPH. HaYj Amiga; citizen of the United States, residingfa Philadelphia, in the county. of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvanla ,havebinvented certain new-and useful Improvements in Road and Street Construction of'whichthe following is a specification.

This invention relates to the'con struction of roads, streets, side-walks, cellar bottoms, driveways, paths. and the like, and the principal object is totreat and utilizein situ the natural and local materials of which the road; or streetbeds consist.

Agfdescription "of he methods employed in -'-ltreati ng and laying the soils .of which the roads or streets consist, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings illustrating diagrammatically the steps of the invention, will be a suff cient explanation of the manner in which other utilities of the art are applied.

. In constructing roads or streets I utilizethe soils of which the grade orsub grademay consist. The sub-grade may consist of any material. In practicing nay-invention, about a. four inches of the surface of the grade is shitted by, a scoop shovelor other appliance j parallel with the sidelines of theroador street. Then the sub-grade is ,plowedup to a calciui'noxid or calcium. hydrate, may be pre- .30.; i Therenowintroduced a suflicient amount depth abo'utsix inches and pulverized.

of calcium oxidorcalciumihydrate, that is caustic/lime, in apulverized condition. It maybe found that the successivesprinklin of the'pulverized sub-grade with-water an I ferred in some case'sto. the powdered form' of caustic lime. These powdered calciums,

must be well mixed withthe soil. Preferably a: day'should elapse before the process iscontinued to permit the powdered calcium hydroxid "to have its due efi'ect. I then add about one part of-Portland cement to every twelve or fifteen parts of soil and cal-,

cium and if necessary sprinkle the mass with waterand then tamp or roll the same. This .mass should now stand for not less than 7 2 hours before the' topping is placed thereon. Without the use of caust c lime the soil would have subtracted the lime element from and destroyed the Portland cement. By my process the lime that would have been subtra'cted y from the cement is furnished to the soil, and

the elements'in proportion of the cement are undisturbed. Further, the causticlime, that stroys acid the calcium oxid or calcium hydratedes of the soil injurious to th soluble in er and a small sea: This is 'particularlyfiimportant where stone is scarce and expensive. Afterftheconerete has' set' and hardened I flush; it with" liquid asphalt 2. The soil that had been placed-parallel] 3 lithe aboye'j process I procure a; firm 7 soli' and {durable concrete" foundati n; 1; V, i

Specification of Letter s P'atnhfi" Patented Aug, 9, 1910, Application filed December 26, 180B. SeriaINohgGSAG. i

tinned .until the topping is laid to a depth of from i to 6 inches. I then roll or tamp the said'topping as. thus.laid,;.until it be;

comes well; comp acted. This 0 eration, that is the laying of layers. of. Sci and asphalt and the trolling, willfcauseithe hot cement. to work .well into and become intimate-with of the road. or street thus completed with a hot bituminous cement 5,'andhcover with clean sharp sandg screenings orthe like 6, and

again roll or tam well- This processmay' be carried out in tlhe simple and'inexpensive manner described, but preferably. the topping soilshould be placed in a mixing ma-- chine, and the calcium fOXidOI' calcium hy- ,drate and hot cement placed therein with the-soil and w'ellmixed and then: evenly laid 'upon the asphalt flushed concrete foundation; It is" impossible to get as good a mix by rolling, no matter whatthe.

' may be. Nor bycharacter of the rollin by special machinery; It is to be observed that by mixing" the calcium with the topping :soils the acids in the said'soilsJhat are destructive to asphaltic or bituminous cements are destroyed. Furthermore the cement is .saponified by the calcium 'and makes "the paving indifferent to the'fchangesoffsolar} temperatures and practically eliminates aging, thereby procuring a permanent road and street construction.

WhatI claim is 1 1. The herein; described, "mode of road;

the'toppingsoil.Inowwell fiushtlieiface "tamping; even should t e ta'mping be done I street and similar con'struction, which consists in mixing calcium oxid or'calcium by drate with the sub-soil in siiu, thus supplying the said sub-soil with lime required and neutralizing theacids thereof, then adding and mixing therewith Portland cement to form aconcret foundation, thenflushing the 'face of the said concrete foundation with a. liquid ,asphaltic or bituminous cement,

- then placing the topping soil thereon in layers, the said'topplng soil having been whole, then-flushing the same with iqui'd asphalt, then covering'the whole with grit, screenings, sand and thelike, and then a ain compressing the same to a finished sur ace.

2.. .The-herein described process of road,-

fset my hand.

street, and similar 'onstruction, which consists in pulverizing-the sub -s01l, then successively placing 'thereover, calcium oxid or calcium hydrate,.then mixing a due amount of Portland cementtherein, and when the sameis set flushing the surface with liquid asphalt, then placing thereon the topping soil mixed with calcium oxid or calcium hydrate and hot asphaltic or bituminous screenings, sand and the like and rol ing the same to a finished surface.

3 In testimony whereof I have hereunto JOSEPH HAY AMIES. Witnesses: WILLIAM J. JACKSON,

P. SHLUNN. 

